Python Data Types

Data types specify the different sizes and values that can be stored in the variable. Each and everything is an object in Python programming language, so below data-types are classes and the variables are instance of that classes.

Built-In Data Types

Numeric Types           # int, float and complex
Text Type               # str
Sequence Types          # list, tuple, range
Mapping Type            # dict
Set Types               # set, frozenset
Boolean Type            # bool
Binary Types            # bytes, bytesarray, memoryview

** Note - you can use any online python interpreter to run and test the below python programs

Numeric Data Types

There are three distinct numeric types: integers, floating point numbers, and complex numbers. They are defined as int, float and complex classes in Python.

#Numeric data types
num1 = 5
print(type(num1))

num2 = 5.0
print(type(num2))

num3 = 5+2j
print(type(num3))

Output

<class 'int'>
<class 'float'>
<class 'complex'>

Text Data Type

Textual data in Python is handled with str objects, or strings.

#String data type
name = "RATHNA SCHOOLS"
print(type(name))

#String literals are written in a variety of ways
data = 'allows embedded "double" quotes'
print(data)

data = "allows embedded 'single' quotes"
print(data)

Output

<class 'str'>
allows embedded "double" quotes
allows embedded 'single' quotes

Sequence Data Types

There are three basic sequence types: lists, tuples, and range objects

#List data type
#Mutable (values can be change after declaration)
list_data = [1, 5.0, "RATHNA SCHOOLS"]
print(type(list_data))

#Tuple data type
#Immutable (values cannot be change after declaration)
tuple_data = (1, 5.0, "RATHNA SCHOOLS")
print(type(tuple_data))

#Range data type
range_data = range(1, 10)
print(type(range_data))

Output

<class 'list'>
<class 'tuple'>
<class 'range'>

Mapping Data Type

Dictionary is an unordered collection of key-value pairs. Dictionaries can be created by placing a comma-separated list of key: value pairs within braces

#Dict data type
dict_data = {"ID":12345, "Name": "RATHNA SCHOOLS"}
print(type(dict_data))
print(dict_data["ID"])
print(dict_data["Name"])

Output

<class 'dict'>
12345
RATHNA SCHOOLS

Set Data Types

A set is an unordered collection of items. Major use case with set are membership testing, removing duplicates from a sequence, and computing mathematical operations such as intersection, union, difference, and symmetric difference

#Set data types
set_data = {1, 2.0, "Rathna Schools"}
print(set_data)
#Elements can add after declaration
set_data.add("5")
print(set_data)

#Frozen set
Months = ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar"]
frozen_set_data = frozenset(Months)
print(frozen_set_data)
#Elements cannot add after declaration
frozen_set_data.add("5")
print(frozen_set_data)

Output

{'Rathna Schools', 1, 2.0}
{'Rathna Schools', 1, 2.0, '5'}
frozenset({'Mar', 'Jan', 'Feb'})
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 13, in <module>
AttributeError: 'frozenset' object has no attribute 'add'

Boolean Data Type

Boolean data type can be used to test the truth value. It always return either True or False as output which can be used in conditional and looping statements

#Bool data types
bool_data = True
print(type(bool_data))
print(bool_data)

Output

<class 'bool'>
True

Binary Data Types

Bytes and Bytearray are used for manipulating binary data. The memoryview uses the buffer protocol to access the memory of other binary objects without needing to make a copy

#Binary data types

#Byte
byte_data = b'RATHNA SCHOOLS'
print(type(byte_data))
print(byte_data)

#Byte Array
byte_array_data = bytearray(byte_data)
print(type(byte_array_data))
print(byte_array_data)

#Memoryview
memoryview_data = memoryview(byte_data)
print(type(memoryview_data))
print(memoryview_data)

Output

<class 'bytes'>
b'RATHNA SCHOOLS'
<class 'bytearray'>
bytearray(b'RATHNA SCHOOLS')
<class 'memoryview'>
<memory at 0x7f814b6b9280>